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The efficacy of reproduction depends on the quality of both gametes (eggs and sperm) 1, 2.
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This protocol describes the analysis of fish sperm motility using software for sperm analysis and new cooling devices to optimize the results. Therefore, cooling devices are necessary to refrigerate samples at constant temperature over the time of analysis, including on the optical microscope. However, for some fish species, it is advantageous to use a lower temperature to prolong the duration of motility, since the sperm remain active for less than 2 min. For mammalian sperm, the heating plate is used to maintain optimal temperatures of spermatozoa. Thus, it is necessary to modify both software and hardware components to make motility analysis more efficient for fish sperm analysis. Fish have specific features that can affect sperm assessment such as a short motility time after activation and, in some cases, adaptation to lower temperatures. Initially, this computer technology was designed for mammalian species, although it can also be used for fish sperm analysis. Computerized systems for sperm analysis were developed to measure several parameters and one of the most commonly measured is the sperm motility. All rights reserved.For gamete quality evaluation, there are innovative, rapid, and quantitative techniques that can provide useful data for aquaculture.
Casa software sperm portable#
The four take-home messages from this review are: (1) animal species, extender or medium, specimen chamber, intensity of illumination, imaging hardware and software, instrument settings, technician, etc., all affect accuracy and precision of output values (2) semen production facilities probably do not need a substantially different CASA system whereas biology laboratories would benefit from systems capable of imaging and tracking sperm in deep chambers for a flexible period of time (3) software should enable grouping of individual sperm based on one or more attributes so outputs reflect subpopulations or clusters of similar sperm with unique properties means or medians for the total population are insufficient and (4) a field-use, portable CASA system for measuring one motion and two or three morphology attributes of individual sperm is needed for field theriogenologists or andrologists working with human sperm outside urban centers appropriate hardware to capture images and process data apparently are available.Ĭopyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. However, when carefully validated, current CASA systems provide information important for quality assurance of semen planned for marketing, and for the understanding of the diversity of sperm responses to changes in the microenvironment in research. CASA cannot accurately predict 'fertility' that will be obtained with a semen sample or subject. A few systems evaluate sperm morphology concurrent with motion. Modern CASA systems can automatically view multiple fields in a shallow specimen chamber to capture strobe-like images of 500 to >2000 sperm, at 50 or 60 frames per second, in clear or complex extenders, and in <2 minutes, store information for ≥ 30 frames and provide summary data for each spermatozoon and the population.
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This review describes capabilities and limitations of present CASA technology used with boar, bull, and stallion sperm, followed by possible future developments.
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Most major spermatology laboratories and semen processing facilities have a CASA system, but the extent of reliance thereon ranges widely. Remarkably, basic concepts for identifying sperm and their motion patterns are little changed. Computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) systems have evolved over approximately 40 years, through advances in devices to capture the image from a microscope, huge increases in computational power concurrent with amazing reduction in size of computers, new computer languages, and updated/expanded software algorithms.